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Copper Alloy Self Lubrication Bearings usually perform well in anti-friction and high temperature resistance due to their unique materials and designs, and are suitable for use in situations where they need to work under extreme conditions. The following are the detailed performances of copper alloy self-lubricating bearings in these two aspects:
Anti-friction performance
Copper alloy self-lubricating bearings have excellent anti-friction performance, mainly due to the following factors:
Embedding and distribution of lubricants
Solid lubricants such as graphite, molybdenum disulfide, and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) are often embedded in the copper alloy matrix of self-lubricating bearings. Through the action of lubricants, the friction coefficient between the bearing surface and the moving parts is greatly reduced. In particular, materials such as graphite and molybdenum disulfide have very low friction coefficients, which can effectively reduce direct contact and friction between sliding parts and reduce energy loss.
Lubricants can form a protective film on the friction surface to reduce metal-to-metal contact. This self-lubricating property can avoid or delay the common oil film breakage or lubricant leakage problems in traditional grease lubrication methods.
Design of alloy materials
Copper alloys themselves have high hardness and good wear resistance, and can effectively withstand the effects of load, impact and friction. Copper materials themselves have strong self-lubricating ability, and their surface can be optimized through microstructure, such as by adding aluminum, tin, lead and other elements, to further enhance friction performance and wear resistance.
Copper-tin alloy (aluminum bronze), which is common in copper alloys, has strong wear resistance and can operate for a long time in oil-free or low-oil environments.
Optimization of friction performance
The friction coefficient of copper alloy self-lubricating bearings is generally low, generally between 0.05 and 0.2, and the specific value depends on the lubricating material used and the working conditions. Even in a harsh working environment, this type of bearing can still maintain a relatively stable friction performance and reduce the generation of friction heat.
Wear resistance
During the long-term friction process, a natural oxide film or lubricant film will be generated on the surface of the copper alloy. This film has good wear resistance, which can effectively reduce the wear of the bearing surface and extend its service life. Especially under high speed and heavy load conditions, the wear resistance of copper alloy self-lubricating bearings is better than that of most metal bearings.
High temperature resistance
Copper alloy self-lubricating bearings also perform very well in high temperature environments. Its high temperature resistance mainly comes from the following aspects:
Thermal stability of copper alloy materials
Copper-based alloys have good thermal stability. Copper itself has a high melting point (about 1083℃), and its mechanical properties are relatively stable at high temperatures. Copper alloy bearings can maintain their structural stability in high temperature environments, and their tensile strength, hardness and wear resistance will not decrease significantly, so they can be used for a long time under high temperature conditions.
Alloys such as aluminum bronze have better oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance at high temperatures, so they are more suitable for use than ordinary copper alloys in high temperature environments.
High temperature resistance of lubricants
Solid lubricants (such as graphite, molybdenum disulfide, PTFE, etc.) have excellent high temperature resistance and can maintain lubrication at high temperatures. The high temperature resistance limits of graphite and molybdenum disulfide can reach 450℃ and 600℃ respectively. They can still effectively reduce the friction coefficient and prevent excessive wear on the bearing surface at high temperatures.
For example, graphite can form a low-friction lubricating film with the metal surface at high temperatures, avoiding the failure or volatilization of traditional lubricants caused by high temperatures.
Resistance to thermal expansion
Copper alloys have a low coefficient of thermal expansion and can maintain relatively stable dimensional changes in environments with large temperature changes. This feature is particularly important in some high-temperature working environments because it helps to avoid stuck or improper fit of components due to temperature changes.
Friction characteristics in high-temperature environments
Even at high temperatures, copper alloy self-lubricating bearings can still maintain a low coefficient of friction and are not prone to serious friction heat. Therefore, when working under high-temperature conditions, compared with traditional oil-lubricated bearings, copper alloy self-lubricating bearings can avoid problems such as grease evaporation, oxidation and contamination, reducing pollution and maintenance requirements for the system.
Copper alloy self-lubricating bearings perform well in some extreme working conditions, especially in high-temperature and high-load environments where liquid lubricants cannot be used, and can provide reliable solutions.
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